Norwegian employers check references systematically. List your referees at the end of your CV. They will need to tell the Norwegian recruiter (in English or a Scandinavian language) about your previous professional duties, and your professional and personal abilities.
Letters of recommendation are not required or even commonly requested, unless you cannot supply any referees.
Jobs in the security and education sectors require you to show proof that you have no previous criminal convictions, but this will be mentioned in the job advertisement.