The standard application procedure in Italy is to send an up-to-date CV together with a covering letter, by e-mail or regular mail.
With electronic applications, make it clear which job you are applying for and activate the reading confirmation option in your e-mail account settings.
In written applications, the layout and the appearance of the covering letter itself are very important. The covering letter should be better structured than an electronic application.
Check the receipt status of your application by a phone call. If your application is of interest to the company, the employer should contact you within a few days. If not, it means that you have not been selected. However, CVs are often stored for a long time, and you might receive a phone call for a job vacancy that you applied for the previous year.
If you are applying spontaneously, your application must be grammatically correct and well written, but it must also be very motivating.
How else can you capture the attention of an employer for a position that is not vacant?